As the weather gets colder, you may notice that your eyes start to water when you step outside. And no, it’s not just because you’re missing those sunny summer days! While it might seem odd that cold weather causes tears, this reaction is actually your eyes’ natural way of protecting themselves.
For people with light-colored eyes, like blue or green, sensitivity to bright light—including the winter sun reflecting off snow—can add another layer of irritation. Paired with watery eyes, this combination can make outdoor activities like walking, driving, or enjoying winter sports all the more challenging.
At Mint Eyecare, we’re here to help you understand what causes these issues and how to manage them can make all the difference, letting you enjoy those minty, winter days more comfortably and tear-free.
How Does Cold Weather Affect Eyes?
Your eyes rely on tears for protection, lubrication, and nourishment. Tears come in three types:
- Basal tears: Constantly produced to maintain moisture and prevent dryness.
- Reflex tears: Triggered by irritants like wind, cold air, or smoke, these tears flush out potential threats.
- Emotional tears: Released when you’re feeling strong emotions, like sadness or joy.
In cold weather, reflex tears are the main culprit. Here’s why:
- Dry Air: Cold air holds less moisture than warm air. This lower humidity strips moisture from your tear film, the thin layer that protects your eyes. Your body responds by producing extra tears, but it often overcompensates, leading to watery eyes.
- Wind Exposure: Wind intensifies the drying effect on your eyes, causing tears to evaporate faster than they can be replenished. This triggers your tear glands to go into overdrive, producing excess tears.
- Temperature Changes: Shifting between frigid outdoor air and warm indoor environments can confuse your tear glands, prompting them to react as if there’s an irritant present.
This overproduction of tears, while protective, can cause more frustration than relief, especially if your eyes water excessively.
The Impact of Pre-Existing Conditions
While everyone’s eyes can water in cold weather, some people are more prone to this reaction due to underlying eye conditions. If you experience severe or persistent tearing, one of these issues might be at play:
Dry Eye Syndrome
Dry eye occurs when your eyes don’t produce enough quality tears to stay lubricated. Counterintuitively, this often results in watery eyes as your body tries to compensate with a flood of low-quality reflex tears. These tears don’t provide the same relief as basal tears, leaving your eyes feeling both watery and dry at the same time.
Blepharitis
Blepharitis is an inflammation of the eyelids, often caused by blocked oil glands near the base of your lashes. This condition makes your eyes more sensitive to irritants like wind and cold air, increasing tear production.
Blocked Tear Ducts
When your tear ducts can’t drain tears properly, the excess fluid spills over onto your cheeks. This issue can worsen in cold weather, as your eyes produce more tears to counteract dryness.
Meibomian Gland Dysfunction (MGD)
The meibomian glands in your eyelids produce oils that stabilize your tear film and prevent tears from evaporating too quickly. Dysfunction in these glands can cause your tear film to break down, leading to dryness and reflex tearing.
Tips for Managing Watery Eyes in Winter
The good news? You don’t have to suffer through a teary winter. There’s plenty of simple ways to keep your eyes comfortable, even in the coldest conditions:
- Wear Protective Eyewear
Cold air and wind are major culprits behind watery eyes. Sunglasses or goggles act as a physical barrier, shielding your eyes from the elements. Wraparound styles are especially effective, and polarized lenses can reduce glare from snow, making them ideal for outdoor activities. - Keep Hydrated
Staying hydrated is key to maintaining a healthy tear film. Drink plenty of water throughout the day, and consider using a humidifier at home to combat the drying effects of indoor heating. - Use Artificial Tears
Over-the-counter artificial tears can replenish moisture and stabilize your tear film. If you’re using them multiple times a day, opt for preservative-free versions to avoid irritation. - Adjust Your Winter Gear
Scarves, face masks, or balaclavas can help protect your eyes from harsh winds. Wrap the fabric around your nose and cheeks, leaving enough space for your eyes to remain uncovered but shielded. - Blink More Often
When we focus on tasks like reading or using screens, we tend to blink less frequently. This can exacerbate dryness. Make a conscious effort to blink more often, especially when outdoors. - Consult an Optometrist
If your eyes water excessively, even indoors, or if you experience additional symptoms like redness, pain, or blurry vision, it’s time to seek professional advice. An optometrist can identify underlying issues and recommend treatments like prescription eye drops, punctal plugs (to improve tear drainage), or specialized therapies.
When To Be Concerned About Watery Eyes
In most cases, watery eyes in cold weather are harmless. However, certain symptoms warrant closer attention. Contact an eye doctor if you notice:
- Persistent tearing not linked to the weather.
- Redness, swelling, or pain in your eyes.
- Difficulty wearing contact lenses due to excessive tearing.
These signs can possibly indicate a more serious issue, such as an infection, allergy, or tear duct obstruction.
Winter Comfort for Your Eyes
Winter doesn’t have to mean a season of constant tears. By understanding why your eyes water and taking a few proactive steps, you can enjoy the colder months without discomfort. From wearing protective eyewear to staying hydrated and using artificial tears, these small changes can make a big difference.
Embrace the Season Without the Tears
Whether you’re walking through a snowy park, skiing down a mountain, or simply heading to work on a chilly morning, your eyes deserve to feel comfortable. With the right care and support, you can tackle winter’s challenges head-on—and tear-free.
Schedule an appointment with Mint Eyecare today and let’s make this winter your clearest and most comfortable yet!
